香港专上院校所提供之论文/研究刊物 | 资源 | BIM

香港专上院校所提供之论文/研究刊物

香港专上院校所提供之论文/研究刊物

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以下资料由与建造业议会签署合作备忘录的专上学院提供。

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院校	题目	类型	日期	作者	摘要	网页
HKUST	Semi-automated generation of parametric BIM for steel structures based on terrestrial laser scanning data	Journal	01/2020	Yang, L., Cheng, J.C.P., and Wang, Q.	As-built building information models (BIMs) are increasingly needed for construction project handover and facility management. To create as-built BIMs, laser scanning technology has gained popularity in the recent decades due to its high measurement accuracy and high measurement speed. However, most existing methods for creating as-built BIMs from laser scanning data involve plenty of manual work, thus becoming labor intensive and time consuming. To address the problems, this study presents a semi-automated approach that can obtain required parameters to create as-built BIMs for steel structures with complex connections from terrestrial laser scanning data. An algorithm based on principal component analysis (PCA) and cross-section fitting techniques is developed to retrieve the position and direction of each circular structural component from scanning data. An image-assisted edge point extraction algorithm is developed to effectively extract the boundaries of planar structural components. Normal-based region growing algorithm and random sample consensus (RANSAC) algorithm are adopted to model the connections between structural components. The proposed approach was validated on a bridge-like steel structure with four different types of structural components. The extracted as-built geometry was compared with the as-designed geometry to validate the accuracy of the proposed approach. The results showed that the proposed approach could efficiently and accurately extract the geometry information and generate parametric BIMs of steel structures.	连结
HKUST	Integrating BIM and Internet of Things for Building Facility Management and Energy Management	Report	06/2019	Yaoming HU Bonan Zhang	This project studies sensor location determination in a complex conference room as a part of Smart HVAC system. It describes the background of HVAC system and how the system can be upgraded as a smart system, automated system, to save energy. The project mainly studies the methodology and uses some factors in IAQ, indoor air quality, to illustrate possible locations for sensor placement. In this project, Autodesk Revit is used to build a BIM model of a conference room. The building of BIM of the room is important since it will reflect the true structural setup of the room. Autodesk CFD is then introduced to run simulations. For CFD simulation, materials and boundary conditions are applied to the model in order to run simulations that can reflect distribution as realistic as possible. In the CFD simulations, some major IAQ factors such as, temperature, air velocity, thermal comfort, CO2, VOC (formaldehyde) and dust (PM 2.5) are predicted in the environment. To analyze the temperature distribution, different numbers of people are introduced to examine the difference of heat distribution due to number of people. Pollutants are examined using assumed values according to average emission values. The goal is not to determine whether or not the room is polluted but the distribution of pollutants inside the room. Eventually, the results of all simulations are collected and analyzed to determine the areas with high density of heat, pollutants where those high concentration areas are the prior locations sensors have to monitor. It is concluded that the simulation of air movement, heat, pollutant distribution, etc. is useful methodology to determine sensor locations. With the sensor placed in correct locations, HVAC system can run with higher efficiency and prevent hazardous environment.	N.A.
HKUST	Earthquake scenario simulation of urban transportation hub: building information modeling and site-city interaction	FYP	06/2018	Yeung Tsun Fung Chau Pang, Francis Lam Ka Tsun	Seismic capacity of an underground urban transportation hub becomes essential to reduce the risk of seismic hazards. By conducting a comprehensive seismic analysis, it is possible to predict the seismic hazard of the transportation hub more accurately. However, seismic design for the transportation hub is of importance to analyze the soil-structure interaction effect. Therefore, Kowloon Station is selected as a testbed to demonstrate whether the SSI effect is beneficial or detrimental. Today Building Information Modelling becomes a powerful tool to develop a three-dimensional digital model such that it can act as a database for further seismic analysis. Since the numerical finite element modelling method is a common approach to solve the problem, in this study, Plaxis 3D, a professional geotechnical FEM software, is selected to investigate the SSI effect on Kowloon Station. Advanced material models are provided to deal with the complexity of the problem. The results show that the SSI effect has a beneficial effect which the peak acceleration of the structure base is smaller than that at the ground surface. To carry out a more realistic simulation, more laboratory tests should be carried out to obtain the dynamic soil properties. In order to examine the damage to structural and non-structural components of the structure, the recorded PGA can be applied in further studies such as fragility curves so as to analyze probability of the damage.	N.A.
HKUST	Application of Building Information Modeling Technology for Safe Operations and Decommissioning of Offshore Oil and Gas Platforms	Thesis	08/2018	Yi TAN	Offshore oil and gas platforms (OOGPs) usually have a lifetime of 30-40 years. The operation and maintenance stage takes up the most percentage of the whole lifetime of OOGPs. During the operations and maintenance, there are several safety issues. Emergent accidents and exposure to high level of noise are two main issues. Traditional emergency responses include 2D escape plan guidance and real drill exercises. 2D escape plan usually causes different understanding, while real drill exercises require extra time and workforce. As for current noise controls, only personal protective equipment has been commonly employed, which is the least effective noise control. In addition, as increasing number of OOGPs will be retired and decommissioned in the coming decade, disassembling offshore platforms is an unavoidable activity. During OOGP decommissioning stage, there are also several safety issues such as potential clashes when conducting heavy lift operations and lift vessel capsize. Besides, when multiple lift vessels are working together to disassemble multiple offshore platforms, more than one vessel working at the same platform, which can significantly increase lift clashes, is another safety issues. Current approaches to addressing these safety issues at the decommissioning stage are usually based on experience, and manually planned. Considering all these safety issues mentioned above, automated, efficient, and accurate approaches to improving safety management of OOGPs at both operation and decommissioning stages are desired. However, limited researches have been conducted to tackle these safety issues. Therefore, this research aims to develop automated, efficient, and accurate techniques and approaches for safer operations and decommissioning of OOGPs. Building information modeling (BIM) technology is widely used in the building and infrastructure industries for the past decade considering the rich geometric and semantic information BIM contains. Therefore, this research applies BIM technology to efficiently provide required information of OOGPs when developing new approaches to addressing safety issues. For the operation and maintenance stage of an offshore platform, to better respond to emergent accidents, a BIM-based evacuation evaluation model is developed to efficiently simulate and evaluate different emergency scenarios, and improve evacuation performance on offshore platforms. As for the noise control, this research proposes a BIM-supported 4D acoustics simulation approach. The proposed approach can automatically conduct noise simulation for offshore platforms using the information extracted from BIM models. Maintenance schedules can then be optimized based on simulated results. By minimizing the time of exposing to a high level of noise, the noise impact on maintenance workers is well mitigated. For the decommissioning stage, first, a semi-automated approach to generate 4D/5D BIM models to evaluate different OOGP decommissioning option is developed. Second, automated topsides disassembly planning approach based on BIM is developed. Clash-free lift paths can be generated to avoid clashes during heavy lifts. Module layouts on vessels are optimized to minimize the total heavy lift time and to guarantee the stability of lift vessels. Besides, a schedule clash detection method is also developed to make sure that no more than one vessel is working at one offshore platform simultaneously. All developed BIM-based approaches are illustrated with related examples. Compared to current practices, these proposed approaches improve the safety management performance of offshore platforms.	N.A.
HKUST	Mapping of BIM and GIS for Interoperable Geospatial Data Management and Analysis for the Built Environment	Thesis	08/2015	Yichuan DENG	The Building Information Modeling (BIM) domain and the Geographic Information System (GIS) domain share a mutual need for information from each other. Information from GIS can facilitate BIM applications such as site selection and onsite material layout, while models from BIM help generate detailed models in GIS and achieve better utility management. The mapping between the key schemas in the BIM domain and the GIS domain is the most critical step towards interoperability between the two domains. In this research, Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) and City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) were chosen as the key schemas due to their wide applications in the BIM domain and the GIS domain, respectively. A review of previous studies on the integration between BIM and GIS reveals that so far there is no bi-directional mapping considering both geometric and semantic information between IFC and CityGML. Moreover, the transformation between different Levels of Detail (LoDs) in 3D GIS models has not been fully studied. The objective of this research is to develop techniques and tools to allow bi-directional mapping between key schemas in the BIM domain and the GIS domain considering transformation of geometry, semantic information and LoDs. Three use cases based on the integration between BIM and GIS are presented to show how the integration can facilitate problem solving in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry. First, the sufficiency of the IFC schema for storing GIS data was evaluated using text analysis techniques and version different analysis. An extension for IFC 4 was developed to store data from CityGML. Then a linguistic-based semi-automatic mapping framework for IFC and CityGML was developed and evaluated, which showed promising results. The bi-directional mapping between IFC and CityGML was developed using instance-based mapping with reference ontology. The mapping framework was compared to previous studies to show its effectiveness. Second, the transformation between LoDs in 3D GIS models was developed based on the LoD definitions in CityGML. This is a critical step for mapping between BIM and GIS as 3D GIS models are usually represented in different LoDs. An exterior shell extraction algorithm was proposed to facilitate the transformation between LoDs in CityGML. The algorithms of transformation from higher LoDs to lower LoDs were developed and validated using complex and large-scale 3D GIS models. Finally, three use cases were developed to show how BIM and GIS can facilitate problem solving in the AEC industry. The first use case aimed to build 3D noise maps for urban environments using data from BIM and GIS. The Italian C.N.R. model was used for noise prediction. The highlight of this use case study is that by using BIM and GIS integration, the noise mapping can be performed at room level and the design models can be flexibly updated. The second use case considered construction supply chain management (CSCM) using BIM and GIS integration. The allocation of consolidation centers for multiple construction sites, which is a problem seldom studied by previous literature, is formulated and solved by integrating BIM and GIS. The third case aimed to develop a 3D underground utility management system for urban environments. The system uses modeling functions in BIM as data sources for utility management. Moreover, an algorithm was developed to allow transforming 2D CAD drawings into 3D utility lines.	N.A.
HKUST	A Building Information Modeling Framework for Waste Estimation and Embodied Carbon Calculation of Buildings	Thesis	08/2012	Yinghui MA	The construction industry is a major consumer of natural resources and energy, and a major contributor of waste and carbon emissions. Many countries have taken initiatives to reduce the negative environmental impacts in terms of waste and carbon emissions caused by construction activities; however, implementations of those strategies are often based on experience and heuristics rather than quantitative data. The value of estimating and evaluating construction and demolition (C&D) waste and carbon emissions in the construction industry has been indicated in literature. Nevertheless, tools that can accurately and conveniently estimate the amount of the waste from construction projects are lacking. On the other hand, current carbon emission analysis tools mostly focus on the estimation of operational carbon. Although embodied carbon (EC) of building materials has shown increasingly important in carbon emission analysis of buildings, the current tools that estimate EC are still primitive and not automated. Therefore, this study aims to develop a framework for a lifecycle evaluation of waste and carbon emissions of buildings leveraging the building information modeling (BIM) technology. BIM represents the process of development and use of a computer generated model to simulate the planning, design, construction and operation of a building facility. BIM has been increasingly used in the architectural, engineering and construction industry for building performance analysis and construction planning. However, the use of BIM for estimation and planning of C&D waste and EC is still lacking. This thesis presents the automated BIM-based C&D waste estimation system and the automated BIM-based EC estimation system that the author has developed. The first system was designed to extract material and volume information through the BIM model and integrate the information for detailed waste estimation and planning. The second system was designed to integrate extracted material and element information with external carbon inventory databases for embodied carbon and energy estimation. With the two systems, decision making could be facilitated among clients, architects, engineers, and other stakeholders. The systems can also be used combined with current tools to perform a lifecycle analysis. As the BIM technology has been increasingly adopted and digital building information models will likely to be available for most buildings and even infrastructures in the future, our systems can be applied in various projects.	N.A.